Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess sildenafil as a potential drug of abuse among sexually active men aged
18-45 years in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, Western Uganda. Both qualitative and quantitative data were
collected through questionnaires from selected health facilities, higher institutions, and the general public. The
study evaluated the frequency of sildenafil use, reasons for use, and knowledge of associated side effects. The
findings revealed widespread abuse of sildenafil, supporting the hypothesis. The majority (86%) had used the drug
at least once in the preceding month, with 39% using it 1-2 times, 27% using it 3-5 times, and 20% using it more
than 5 times. While sildenafil is indicated for conditions like erectile dysfunction, hypertension, and angina
pectoris, the primary reason expressed for use (93%) was to enhance sexual performance, indicating non-medical
use. Only 8% reported having medical conditions necessitating sildenafil use, with 2% having erectile dysfunction
and 2% having heart disease. A significant portion (47%) were unaware of potential side effects. The most
commonly experienced side effect was headache (84%), followed by nausea (7%), sleepiness (6%), and dizziness
(3%). The study revealed a strong positive relationship between the frequency of sildenafil use and respondents'
religion and level of education. However, no significant relationship was found between the frequency of use and
the presence of medical conditions indicated for sildenafil or social problems potentially affecting sexual
performance. The findings indicate widespread abuse of sildenafil for non-medical reasons among sexually active
men in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, highlighting the need for public awareness and regulatory measures to
address this issue.