Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a commonly observed condition among pregnant women globally, with particularly high prevalence rates documented in African regions. Asymptomatic bacteriuria serves as an antecedent to the onset of urinary tract infection, which can lead to various difficulties during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women who sought care at the prenatal clinic in Akure, Nigeria. Samples of mid-stream urine were obtained from a cohort of pregnant women. The samples were inoculated onto standard bacteriological media and incubated at a temperature of 37°C for one night. The incubated samples were used to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria cases and to identify the specific bacterial etiology behind the occurrence of bacteriuria. Furthermore, an antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted to investigate the sensitivity of the isolated bacteria against common antibiotics. A notable prevalence of bacteriuria was seen in 360 out of 486 individuals, accounting for 74.1% of the studied population. The microbe with the highest prevalence was S. aureus, accounting for 23.6% of the total isolates followed by Klebsiella species and Escherichia coli. An increase in the asymptomatic bacteriuria rate was observed in younger ages, advanced gestational ages, and higher education levels. Fluoroquinolones were the most effective antibacterial agents with an average inhibition efficacy ranging between 78.1% and 89.9%. On the other hand, cephalosporins and other antibiotics showed moderate to low inhibition efficacy. The current observations indicate that the routine screening of pregnant women for asymptomatic bacteriuria should be implemented as a policy rather than being discretionary. Comprehensive sensitivity testing on individual bacteria is recommended to assist in the identification of safe and effective antibiotics for the management of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women.