Abstract

This paper explores the genetic determinants of red blood cell (RBC) morphology in diabetes, highlighting their significance in disease progression and complications. Through genetic studies, several variants impacting hemoglobin glycation, oxidative stress response, and RBC membrane structure have been identified. These variants, interacting with environmental factors, influence RBC morphology in diabetes, contributing to complications like retinopathy and nephropathy. Understanding these genetic determinants offers opportunities for personalized medicine and targeted therapies. Further research is needed to unravel the complexities of these interactions and develop effective treatments for diabetic individuals