Abstract

The intricate interplay between eosinophils and neonatal vaccine immune responses in HIV-exposed infants has emerged as a
captivating avenue of research, offering insights into the multifaceted dynamics of early-life immunity. This review synthesizes
current knowledge on the eosinophilic modulation of immune responses following neonatal vaccination in the unique context
of HIV exposure. We explore the potential roles of eosinophils in shaping adaptive immunity, influencing vaccine efficacy,
and contributing to the delicate balance between tolerance and protective immunity during the critical early stages of life.
Additionally, we discuss the implications of maternal HIV infection on eosinophil function and the subsequent impact on
neonatal vaccine responses. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, we aim to provide a foundation for future
research directions and the development of tailored immunization strategies for this vulnerable population.