Abstract

Antacid use is prevalent among HIV patients due to gastrointestinal symptoms and the side effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This review examines the implications of antacid use in HIV patients, focusing on drug absorption, metabolism, and adverse effects. Antacids, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), alter gastric pH, potentially reducing the bioavailability of ART components requiring acidic conditions for absorption. Furthermore, antacids may interfere with drug metabolism via cytochrome P450 enzymes, impacting ART plasma concentrations. Adverse effects of antacids in HIV patients include electrolyte imbalances and vitamin deficiencies. Clinical management should prioritize antacid selection, individualized dosing, and ART monitoring to optimize treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to refine guidelines for managing antacid-ART interactions in HIV patients