Abstract

Bone marrow failure syndromes, characterized by impaired hematopoiesis leading to cytopenias, represent significant complications in individuals living with HIV infection. GATA-1, a master transcription factor crucial for hematopoietic development, has emerged as a key player in the pathogenesis of bone marrow failure syndromes in the context of HIV. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying GATA-1 dysregulation and its implications in bone marrow failure syndromes during HIV infection. We discuss the role of GATA-1 in erythropoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and myelopoiesis, and examine how dysregulation of GATA-1 contributes to thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, and dyserythropoiesis in HIV-infected individuals. Furthermore, we explore therapeutic strategies targeting GATA-1 signaling pathways for the management of bone marrow failure syndromes in the context of HIV, highlighting potential avenues for future research and clinical intervention