Abstract

HIV-related anemia represents a significant hematologic complication of HIV infection, contributing to morbidity and mortality in affected individuals. Erythropoietin (EPO) signaling, a critical regulator of erythropoiesis, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and management of HIV-related anemia. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the intricate mechanisms underlying EPO signaling and its implications in the context of HIV infection. We explore the multifaceted etiology of HIV-related anemia, encompassing viral effects, bone marrow dysfunction, inflammation, and comorbid conditions. Additionally, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies targeting EPO signaling pathways to address HIV-related anemia and improve clinical outcomes. Understanding the interplay between EPO signaling and HIV-related anemia is crucial for developing effective treatment approaches and improving the quality of life for individuals living with HIV.