Abstract

Obesity, leukemia, and HIV/AIDS constitute a challenging clinical triad, each with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications. This paper reviews the intricate relationship between obesity and overall survival in leukemia patients living with HIV. Epidemiological trends reveal complex interactions among these conditions, with obesity linked to increased leukemia risk and HIV infection predisposing individuals to leukemia development. Mechanistically, obesity-induced inflammation, dysregulated adipokine secretion, and immune dysfunction may promote leukemogenesis and disease progression, exacerbated by HIV-related immunosuppression and systemic inflammation. Clinically, obesity poses challenges in risk stratification, treatment response, and supportive care, necessitating tailored interventions to optimize outcomes. Future research directions aim to elucidate underlying mechanisms and develop targeted therapeutic strategies. Understanding the impact of obesity on leukemia outcomes in HIV-positive individuals is critical for informing comprehensive patient care and advancing research efforts in this challenging clinical landscape.