Abstract

A consistent power supply is indispensable across various sectors,
spanning from households to critical institutions like research facilities,
hospitals, and financial institutions. This study endeavors to ensure
uninterrupted power provision to a load through an automated selection
process among three primary power sources: main power, solar energy, and
generator power, with main power being the primary preference. Implemented
using an 8051 microcontroller, the system is linked to three switches
representing each power source for simulation purposes. Upon detection of a
switch release or deactivation, signifying the absence of that particular power
source, the microcontroller promptly deactivates the corresponding relay
driver. This relay driver then switches the relevant relay, facilitating seamless
power continuity to the load if any switch is activated. A lamp or bulb serves
as a demonstrative load powered by the primary source. In the event of a
power outage, the system seamlessly transitions to the next available source,
such as solar energy, and if required, to generator power. An LCD is
employed to indicate the currently active power source, ensuring operational
transparency and facilitating swift troubleshooting when necessary.