Abstract

Plastics significantly contribute to environmental pollution due to their non-biodegradable nature. This study 
assesses the biodegradation of bioplastics derived from cassava starch and glycerol as an alternative to 
conventional plastics. Cassava starch was extracted using wet milling, followed by the formulation of bioplastic 
films with glycerol as a plasticizer. The chemical composition was analyzed using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, 
confirming the presence of starch, glycerol, and cellulose derivatives. Biodegradability tests were conducted 
through soil burial and water degradation methods. Results showed that cassava starch-based bioplastics 
degraded completely within 10 days in soil, facilitated by microbial activity and moisture. In water, a 60% weight 
loss was observed over 14 days due to hydrolysis. The presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups 
contributed to the film’s hydrophilic nature, accelerating degradation. These findings suggest that cassava 
starch-based bioplastics offer a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum-based plastics. 
However, further optimization of mechanical properties and water resistance is recommended to enhance 
practical applications in packaging and other industries.