Abstract

Diabetes mellitus remains one of the most pressing global health concerns, with type 1 and type 2 diabetes 
affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Conventional drug delivery methods often face challenges such as 
poor bioavailability, systemic side effects, and lack of targeted action, which compromise therapeutic efficacy. 
Nanomedicine has emerged as a transformative approach in the management of diabetes, offering nanoscale 
drug delivery systems that improve pharmacokinetics, enhance drug stability, and enable precise targeting to 
pancreatic β-cells, liver, or adipose tissues. Various nanocarriers, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, 
dendrimers, micelles, and inorganic nanomaterials, are being investigated for the controlled and site-specific 
delivery of antidiabetic drugs. This review explores the advances in nanomedicine-based delivery systems, their 
mechanisms of action, clinical translation, and the potential to revolutionize diabetes management. Emphasis is 
placed on the design considerations, therapeutic outcomes, safety concerns, and future prospects of 
nanotechnology in antidiabetic therapy. 
Keywords: Nanomedicine, Antidiabetic drugs, Targeted delivery, Diabetes management, Nanocarriers