Abstract

The rapid growth of the gig economy has transformed traditional employment patterns, creating new 
opportunities while simultaneously introducing complex occupational health challenges. This literature review 
examines the intersections between non-standard work arrangements and occupational health outcomes within the 
gig economy. Drawing on multidisciplinary research, it explores key issues such as job insecurity, lack of social 
protection, psychological stress, and exposure to physical and ergonomic risks. The review also highlights the 
limited regulatory oversight governing platform-based work, the inadequacy of traditional occupational health 
frameworks, and the social inequities affecting vulnerable gig workers. Furthermore, it identifies gaps in current 
policy and research, emphasizing the need for an inclusive occupational health model that accommodates the 
evolving nature of digital and flexible work. The findings underscore that while the gig economy offers autonomy 
and income opportunities, it simultaneously reinforces precarious working conditions, demanding urgent policy 
interventions and adaptive health protection mechanisms to safeguard workers’ well-being.