Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the treatment of diarrheal diseases represents a significant and escalating public 
health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. The region is particularly vulnerable due to factors such as poor sanitation, 
inadequate diagnostic infrastructure, and the overuse of antibiotics in both healthcare and agriculture. This review 
explores the impact of AMR on the management of common diarrheal diseases caused by pathogens like Shigella, E. 
coli, and Salmonella. It highlights the drivers of resistance, including the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, lack of 
regulatory oversight, and insufficient healthcare resources. The emergence of resistant strains complicates 
treatment options, resulting in prolonged illness, higher mortality rates, and strained healthcare systems. This 
review also discusses potential strategies to address AMR, such as strengthening diagnostic capabilities, 
implementing antibiotic stewardship programs, improving sanitation, and promoting public awareness. The findings 
underscore the need for a coordinated, multi-sectoral approach to combat AMR and preserve the effectiveness of 
current antimicrobial treatments in sub-Saharan Africa.