Abstract

Anemia remains one of the most significant yet preventable causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in Africa. 
Despite global progress in reducing maternal deaths, sub-Saharan Africa continues to bear a disproportionate 
burden, with anemia contributing to a substantial share of these fatalities. This review examines the role of anemia 
in maternal mortality across African countries, exploring its epidemiology, underlying causes, regional disparities, 
and policy responses. The study compares data from various African regions West, East, Central, North, and 
Southern Africa, to understand how socioeconomic, nutritional, and healthcare factors interact to shape anemia
related maternal outcomes. It also highlights successful interventions and persistent challenges in tackling maternal 
anemia. The review concludes that addressing anemia requires a multi-sectoral approach involving nutritional 
supplementation, malaria and parasitic infection control, improved maternal healthcare services, and broader 
socioeconomic empowerment of women.