Abstract

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is major health problem in developed and developing country involving more young women. It is associated with high rate of female reproductive health morbidity; it can complicate with ectopic pregnancy, infertility and chronic pelvic pain. A poor response therapy increases the likelihood of these complications; this could be due to an increase in antimicrobial resistant pathogens. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among women who attended gynecology clinic at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. Consecutive enrolment of 324 participants who consented to participate was done daily until a required sample size was realized from November 2019 to January 2020. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on associated factors; endocervical swab was taken from patient clinically diagnosed with PID. Culturing for colony characteristics followed by Gram stain was used for provisional identity of pathogenic bacteria. Further identification was done by a set of biochemical tests. Antibacterial susceptibility pattern of isolated bacterial pathogens was determined by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, a rapid diagnostic test to detect Chlamydia antibody in the endocervical swab sample was also used to identify the Chlamydia trachomatis carriers among the patients. Data was analyzed using STATA VERSION 14.2. The isolated bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus and the least-prevalent pathogen was citrobacter species. Staphylocccocus aureus showed high susceptibility to Imipenem. The high resistence rate of more than 60% was seen to the commonly prescribed antibiotics as recommended by Uganda clinical guideline these were Doxicillin, ciprofloxacin, Cefixim and Ceftriaxon. Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest organism isolated from the endocervical swab of patients with PID. Awareness amongst health workers and patients about these major factors so that management can be directed. Rational use of antibiotics by health workers is paramount to combat resistance.